Finalized. Wish me luck!
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\subsection{Motivation}
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\subsection{Motivation}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Motivation}
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% \begin{frame} \frametitle{Motivation}
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How can we leverage existing technologies and techniques to determine
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% How can we leverage existing technologies and techniques to determine
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optimally-controlled trajectories to targets in interplanetary space?
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% optimally-controlled trajectories to targets in interplanetary space?
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\end{frame}
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% \end{frame}
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\note{Today I'll be discussing my research in determining optimal trajectories
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\note{Today I'll be discussing my research in determining optimal trajectories
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for interplanetary mission objectives. Numerous scientific and engineering advances have
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for interplanetary mission objectives. Numerous scientific and engineering advances have
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@@ -96,50 +96,17 @@
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thrust nature changes the underlying system dynamics that would have been used to optimize a
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thrust nature changes the underlying system dynamics that would have been used to optimize a
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mission such as Voyager, which did not employ low-thrust engines.}
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mission such as Voyager, which did not employ low-thrust engines.}
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% \begin{frame} \frametitle{Current tools}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Problem Statement}
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% Indirect Methods:
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For a given low-thrust engine, spacecraft parameters, and planetary flyby selections,
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% \begin{itemize}
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what is the optimal control thrusting profile, launch conditions, and flyby parameters
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% \item CHEBYTOP
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to arrive at a target outer planet?
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% \item NEWSEP
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\end{frame}
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% \item SEPTOP
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% \item VARITOP
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% \end{itemize}
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% Direct Methods:
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item EMTG
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% \item GALLOP
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% \item MALTO
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% \item PAGMO
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% \end{itemize}
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% \end{frame}
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% \note{However, many interesting techniques have been developed to combat this issue,
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% particularly in recent years. A number of different algorithms have been developed }
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% \subsection{Scope}
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% \begin{frame} \frametitle{First Frame}
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Item 1
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% \item Item 2
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% \end{itemize}
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% \end{frame}
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% \subsection{Problem Statement}
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% \begin{frame} \frametitle{First Frame}
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Item 1
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% \item Item 2
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% \end{itemize}
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% \end{frame}
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\section{Trajectory Optimization Background}
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\section{Trajectory Optimization Background}
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\subsection{System Dynamics}
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\subsection{System Dynamics}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Two Body Problem}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Two Body Problem}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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Assumptions:
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Assumptions:
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@@ -167,7 +134,7 @@
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which it is orbiting. Secondly, both of these bodies are modeled as point masses with
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which it is orbiting. Secondly, both of these bodies are modeled as point masses with
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constant mass. This removes the need to account for non-uniform densities and asymmetry.}
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constant mass. This removes the need to account for non-uniform densities and asymmetry.}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Two Body Problem}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Two Body Problem}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{align*}
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\begin{align*}
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@@ -187,7 +154,7 @@
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\note{From Newton's second law and the law of universal gravitation, we can then model this
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\note{From Newton's second law and the law of universal gravitation, we can then model this
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force with this equation. Where...}
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force with this equation. Where...}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Two Body Problem}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Two Body Problem}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{equation*}
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\begin{equation*}
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@@ -206,7 +173,7 @@
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\note{Dividing by the mass, we can derive the acceleration...}
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\note{Dividing by the mass, we can derive the acceleration...}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Two Body Problem}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Two Body Problem}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{align*}
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\begin{align*}
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@@ -228,7 +195,7 @@
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parameter as a function of the planetary mass alone, rather than both combined. With this
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parameter as a function of the planetary mass alone, rather than both combined. With this
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assumption, we can model the system dynamics with this analytically solvable equation}
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assumption, we can model the system dynamics with this analytically solvable equation}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Kepler's Laws}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Kepler's Laws}
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\begin{itemize}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Each planet's orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the foci.
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\item Each planet's orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the foci.
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\item The area swept out by the imaginary line connecting the primary and secondary
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\item The area swept out by the imaginary line connecting the primary and secondary
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@@ -241,7 +208,7 @@
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\note{In the early 1600s, Johannes Kepler determined three laws in order to describe the
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\note{In the early 1600s, Johannes Kepler determined three laws in order to describe the
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motion of a satellite. These are:}
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motion of a satellite. These are:}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Kepler's Laws}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Kepler's Laws}
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\begin{equation*}
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\begin{equation*}
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r = \frac{\sfrac{h^2}{\mu}}{1 + e \cos(\theta)}
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r = \frac{\sfrac{h^2}{\mu}}{1 + e \cos(\theta)}
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\end{equation*}
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\end{equation*}
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@@ -263,7 +230,7 @@
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actually take them a step further, producing the following extremely useful equations for
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actually take them a step further, producing the following extremely useful equations for
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representing spacecraft motion:}
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representing spacecraft motion:}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Kepler's Equation}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Dynamical Model: Kepler's Equation}
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\begin{equation*}
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\begin{equation*}
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\frac{\Delta t}{T} = \frac{E - e \sin E}{2 \pi}
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\frac{\Delta t}{T} = \frac{E - e \sin E}{2 \pi}
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\end{equation*}
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\end{equation*}
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@@ -295,7 +262,7 @@
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\subsection{Interplanetary Trajectories}
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\subsection{Interplanetary Trajectories}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Patched Conics}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Interplanetary Trajectories: Patched Conics}
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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\centering
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\includegraphics[height=0.7\paperheight]{LaTeX/fig/patched_conics}
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\includegraphics[height=0.7\paperheight]{LaTeX/fig/patched_conics}
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@@ -310,7 +277,7 @@
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sub-trajectories, each governed by a distinct single body when the spacecraft is within the
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sub-trajectories, each governed by a distinct single body when the spacecraft is within the
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sphere of influence of that particular body...}
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sphere of influence of that particular body...}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Gravity Assist}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Interplanetary Trajectories: Gravity Assist}
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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\centering
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\includegraphics[height=0.7\paperheight]{LaTeX/fig/flyby}
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\includegraphics[height=0.7\paperheight]{LaTeX/fig/flyby}
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@@ -326,7 +293,7 @@
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\subsection{Low Thrust Trajectories}
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\subsection{Low Thrust Trajectories}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Sims-Flanagan Transcription}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Low Thrust Trajectories: Sims-Flanagan Transcription}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\begin{itemize}
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@@ -351,7 +318,7 @@
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trajectories with a single impulsive thrust in the center of each. Effectively, this
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trajectories with a single impulsive thrust in the center of each. Effectively, this
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allows...}
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allows...}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Control Vector Description}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Low Thrust Trajectories: Control Vector Description}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{column}{0.45\paperwidth}
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\begin{align*}
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\begin{align*}
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@@ -607,6 +574,26 @@
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\section{Conclusion}
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\section{Conclusion}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Conclusion}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Validation of direct approach to optimizing interplanetary, low-thrust
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trajectories as non-linear programming problems
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\item Validation of Monotonic Basin Hopping algorithm for finding global optima in the
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same scenario
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\item Application in a realistic sample mission revealed two effective trajectory
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possibilities
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame} \frametitle{Future Work}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Outer loop which chooses optimal flyby trajectories for increased automation
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\item Parallelization would be effective for this problem
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\item Better quantification of search space ``coverage'' by the monotonic basin hopping
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algorithm
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{Huge}
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\begin{Huge}
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